| Air pollution and
                Indian cities | 
               
             
            Towards a pollution-free Diwali: According to
            CPCB, 95% of the crackers available in the market violate noise and air pollution norms.
            Anumita Roychowdhury, Co-ordinator, Right to Clean air campaign, Centre for
            Science and Environment (CSE), remarks, "The real impact in this field was created by
            the public awareness campaigns carried out by various non-governmental organisations and
            children from various schools. The efforts of the school children led to a sizeable
            decrease in the sale of crackers. Such campaigns can become even more effective if the
            medical community gets actively involved by providing more health-related data and
            information. People mush be made aware of the various hazards these fire crackers can
            cause and thus refrain from their use."  
            Source: The Hindustan Times, New Delhi, 6/11/2004 
            Gasping for breath? Blame the Delhi air: Living in Delhi can leave you
            breathless, literally. The air you breathe is so polluted that two out of every five
            Delhiites suffer from some form of lung impairment. Theres more: polluted air alters
            immunity, impairs liver function, affects genetic changes and causes blood-related
            abnormalities. These frightening facts emerge from a study commissioned by the Central
            Pollution Control Board. The survey covered 2,379 individuals through questionnaries and
            clinically examined 1,270 people aged between 20 and 75 years, CPCB member secretary B
            Sengupta said.  
            Source: The Times of India, New Delhi, 25/10/2004 
            Ranchis Capital problem: Air and noise pollution: Once known for its
            year-round pleasant weather, Ranchi stands a transformed place. Capital of the newly
            created Jharkhand State, it is like any other polluted State Capital in the country today
            with high pollution and noise levels. An unfortunate transformation from a few decades ago
            when it was the summer capital of undivided Bihar and its conducive climate had led
            authorities to construct two mental hospitals here. A survey conducted by Metallurgical
            and Engineering Consultants India, a Government of India undertaking, reveals that smoke
            pollution is rising by the day here which can prove to be serious health hazard. Suspended
            Particulate Matter (SPM) has seen a sharp increase after the State was carved out from
            Bihar in 2000. For instance, SPM has increased from 308 micorgrams per unit volume in 1996
            to 487.61 micrograms per unit volume in 2004.  
            Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 13/10/2004 
            Green mirage: Delhis air is murkier: Buses and autos may not be blowing as
            much smoke into your face now, but that doesnt mean Delhi is breathing easier. Every
            day, 500-700 private vehicles are added to the citys burden, and with this category
            accounting for 65%-70% of the citys air pollution, the view is indeed dim. The
            latest air quality survey, conducted by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), at 10
            city locations, shows that the respirable suspended particulate matter (RSPM), nitrogen
            dioxide and carbon monoxide levels have exceeded permissible limits in many parts of
            Delhi.  
            Source: The Times of India, New Delhi, 22/9/2004 
            Clean air going up in smoke: From October to January, while we celebrate Diwali,
            Dusshera, weddings, Christmas and New Year, thousands of animals live and die in misery.
            Birds fall out of their nests, stray animals go into hiding and starve to death, some go
            deaf, some lose their homes, and many rush out in panic onto the roads and are killed by
            vehicles. The sights and sounds are unfamiliar to them and they react as a child would in
            the middle of an unfamiliar battlefield. All animals are terrified of fireworks. Fireworks
            produce light, noise and air pollution. There are thousands of noxious chemicals released
            by these crackers and all contribute to blindness, cancer, emphysema and asthma. The
            sulphurs and nitrous oxides they release cause lung disease.  
            Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 29/9/2004 
            Hearing woes? Blame the citys air: The next time you have to scream your
            lungs out when talking to a friend, blame the air pollution. More than an estimated 80,000
            people in Delhi are suffering from various degrees of hearing impairment. And contrary to
            popular perception, the culprit number one is not noise pollution. It is air pollution and
            the associated upper respiratory tract infections that are transmitted to the middle ear
            via a tube connecting the throat and the ear. ENT experts say the lack of awareness about
            the easy transmission of throat infections to the ear causes the most damage, especially
            in children.  
            Source: The Times of India, New Delhi, 16/9/2004 
            ^Top 
            
              
                | Fuel and vehicle
                technology | 
               
             
            Ashok Leyland to roll out BS III vehicles from Jan:
            Ashok Leyland Ltd has drawn up plans to roll out the entire range of Bharat Stage (BS) III
            compliant vehicles from January 2005 to meet the Union Governments pollution control
            norms to come into force on April 1, 2005. Speaking to newspersons on Wednesday, Mr K.N.
            Krishnamurthy, Special Director, Customer Care, said that the BS III compliant vehicles
            would be launched across segments and be available in various options of diesel-powered
            vehicles and CNG-based ones for both passenger and goods vehicles. However, these would be
            initially available for 11 major cities that are required to be BS II compliant.  
            Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 3/9/2004 
            Skoda to launch diesel version of Elegance soon: Car manufacturer Skoda Auto
            India is gearing up to launch a diesel automatic version of the Skoda Elegance in the next
            few weeks and will follow this up with a spate of launches till 2009. Other than a
            Mercedes, no other car offers this option in diesel and this could mean that we get to tap
            a new segment of the potential luxury car buyer. Meanwhile, the company is expecting the
            newly launched Skoda RS, to fuel growth with its distinctive positioning as the family
            rallying car.  
            Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 10/9/2004 
            Suzuki plans $91.5 million plant to build diesel engines in India: Suzuki Motor
            Corp. said it will spend 10 billion yen, or $91.5 million, to set up a diesel-engine plant
            in India to meet demand for diesel vehicles in the country. The Japanese car maker, an
            affiliate of General Motors Corp. of the U.S. also plans to set up its second
            automobile-production company in India together with its local joint venture unit to meet
            expected brisk auto demand.  
            Source: The Asian Wall Street Journal, Hong Kong, 14/9/2004 
            Diesel sales decline 9% in August: A strike by truckers and weak agricultural
            demand pulled down Indias domestic oil products sales by state refiners by 3.1
            percent to 6.89 million tonnes in August an industry official told.  
            Source: Business Standard, New Delhi, 15/9/2004 
            India to induct Bharat -II by April: India is poised to move another step
            forward in controlling vehicular pollution in its cities. It will introduce Bharat Stage
            II norms, which are equivalent to Euro II across the country by April 2005.  
            Source: The Statesman, New Delhi, 15/9/2004 
            Tatas dream car in three years: Tata Motors may come out with its dream
            car for Rs 1 lakh in the next three years. The Tata group chairman Mr Ratan Tata group
            told that the car is in the concept stage and the company is trying to make it a reality
            in the next three years. 
            Source: The Asian Age, New Delhi, 17/9/2004 
            Nagpur duo finds petrol in plastic waste: Even as international concern grows
            with crude oil prices, a couple from Nagpur is well on course to keep their promise of a
            cheap, eco-friendly alternative. Alka and Umesh Zadgaonkar hope to deliver it by December.
            Refused support by the Oil Industries Development Board (OIDB), the government-funding
            agency in the petroleum sector, the Zadgaonkars approached the State Bank of India (SBI)
            for a loan to set up a Rs 8-crore project to produce petroleum from waste plastic. The
            country produces 7,000 tonnes of waste plastic daily. With the SBI Technical Cell okaying
            the proposal after a thorough study, their Unique Waste Plastic Management and Research
            Company Pvt Ltd's plant in the Buti Bori Industrial Estate, 30 km from Nagpur, is set to
            start production by December.  
            Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 19/9/2004 
            Record rise in production of petroleum products: The first quarter of the
            current fiscal witnessed an all-time high rise in India's production of petroleum
            products. As per official data, the rise was 12.6% during April-June against mere 3.6% in
            the same period last year. On an average, in any quarter the increase in production of
            petroleum products is around 3-5 per cent. Senior government officials told FE that
            finance minister P Chidamabaram, while reviewing the current state of the economy, had
            asked the petroleum ministry to explain the reasons behind this sudden increase.  
            Source: The Financial Express, New Delhi, 20/9/2004 
            Gas price rationalisation likely from January: The Government is planning to
            `rationalise` the gas pricing structure in phases from next year instead of going in for a
            complete deregulation so that power and fertiliser would continue to get supplies at
            regulated price. "We plan to `rationalise` the gas prices against deregulation. From
            January 2005, there could be a scenario where power and fertiliser companies continue to
            get gas at a regulated price, while other industry would have to pay the market price for
            their supplies," said Petroleum Secretary S C Tripathy. He said this rationalisation
            will happen "gradually and in a phased manner." The regulated gas prices for
            power and fertiliser will also be removed gradually and in a phased manner, he added.  
            Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 20/9/2004 
            Piaggio Vehicles to launch `quadri-cycle` next year: Piaggio Vehicles Pvt Ltd
            plans to launch its "quadri-cycle" for the cargo market in the second half of
            2005. Currently, extensive tests of the vehicle are underway. It has got the design for
            the quadri-cycle - a four-wheeler goods and passenger carrier - from its Italian parent
            and has got ready a prototype that has been modified for Indian conditions, according to
            Mr Ravi Chopra, Managing Director, Piaggio Vehicles Private Ltd. From a "few thousand
            vehicles" exported last year, Piaggio Vehicles hopes to increase exports to 20 per
            cent of total sales in the next couple of years. Its turnover is expected to grow from Rs
            450 crore in 2003 to Rs 600 crore this year and the target is to increase it to Rs 1,000
            crore by the end of 2005. Its profit before tax was "12 per cent to 13 per
            cent."  
            Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 21/9/2004 
            Petrol from rock and water: Long-dead plant matter may not be the world's only
            source of hydrocarbons. Beneath its surface, in hellish temperatures and high pressures,
            the earth may be generating methane, say researchers who have squeezed common rock and
            water together to reproduce these conditions. The finding was made at the Geophysical
            Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, a leader in studying geology at high
            pressures, and is being reported in The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. A
            team led by Henry Scott, now at Indiana University, conducted it.  
            Source: Deccan Herald, Bangalore, 27/9/2004 
            MRPL to produce Euro-IV fuel by year 2007: Mangalore Refinery and Petrochemicals
            Ltd, a subsidiary of the state-owned gas major ONGC, has stepped up the implementation of
            its Rs 600-crore investment plan to produce Euro-IV fuel by 2007, much ahead of the
            national fuel policy deadline of 2010. In pursuit of this, MRPL is to invest Rs 100-crore
            for creating off-site storage facilities and another Rs 150-crore on product value
            addition during the next two years, said an ONGC official in the know of plans at the
            subsidiary.  
            Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 27/9/2004 
            ^Top 
            
              
                | Alternative Fuels
                and Technology | 
               
             
            CNG/LPG 
            First CNG bus on Ahmedabad roads: City denizens can finally cheer, with the Ahmedabad
            Municipal Corporation (AMC) inaugurating the first Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) bus.
            Another CNG bus, too, is ready and will be on the road after a fortnight. The CNG is being
            supplied by Adani group from its gas station at Ramol on a temporary basis, as the work on
            extending the gas pipeline to the two AMC gas station at Jamalpur and Memco is still not
            finished.  
            Source: The Times of India, Ahmedabad, 4/11/2004 
            CNG move, Capital to Gurgaon: Haryana has finally woken up to CNG. Private
            operators were recently issued permits by the state government to ply 28 CNG buses between
            Gurgaon and Delhi. ''At the moment, Haryana Roadways' doesn't have CNG buses of its own.
            However, that may change soon with our department set to add another 1,000 buses to the
            existing fleet,'' said V.S. Hooda, Haryana Roadways' general manager at Gurgaon Depot.
            ''These new CNG buses are all private.'' The decision to give permits for CNG buses,
            officials say, followed the response to bus services introduced in Gurgaon and Faridabad.
            ''It was being increasingly felt that inter-city service should be introduced between
            Gurgaon and Delhi. And it was high time Haryana tested CNG,'' said a Transport official.  
            Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 27/10/2004 
            CNG for Noida by January: The UP Principal Secretary, Environment, Mr Vinod
            Malhotra, said CNG would be made available in Noida by January 2005. To begin with, daily
            2 million cubic feet CNG will be available. The first four stations will be set up at a
            cost of Rs 54.48 crore while in Greater Noida, four stations will cost Rs 27.65 crore. The
            issue of uniform rates in Meerut, Noida, Greater Noida, Ghaziabad and Bulandshahr like in
            Delhi, was also discussed. In any case, the supply will be made available by January 05 in
            Noida, he declared. Law will soon take its on course against the municipal committees,
            which fail to manage the solid waste in their cities and towns. The environment department
            of the state government was examining the replies received from all municipal committees
            to the notices sent by the department a month ago. This was stated by the principal
            secretary in a meeting of the state environment department in Noida. Mr Malhotra had
            reprimanded the officials from Ghaziabad, Noida and Meerut for the tardy work.  
            Source: The Tribune, New Delhi, 17/10/2004 
            Gas pipelines for Greater Noida: The residents of Greater Noida will get
            Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) through pipelines connected to their kitchens. The Greater
            Noida Industrial Authority (GNIDA) and Indraprastha Gas Limited (IGL) have signed a
            Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) regarding this. In addition, the authority has
            identified eight places to start Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) stations. To make it a
            world-class city, the GNIDA has planned, in the first phase, to provide the LPG through
            pipelines. After the completion of the project, the residents would not face the hassles
            of carrying gas cylinders. The residents would get gas in their kitchens directly through
            the pipeline and a meter would be installed at the main gate of the house.  
            Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 11/9/2004 
            Gail draws up mega 22-city piped gas plan: Buoyed by the success of Mahanagar
            Gas, Gail India has chalked out an ambitious expansion plan for supplying piped natural
            gas to 22 cities across India. Gail will form joint ventures (JVs) for supplying gas in
            each of the cities with either of the three public sector refiners - Indian Oil
            Corporation (IOC), Hindustan Petroleum Corporation (HPCL) and Bharat Petroleum Corporation
            (BPCL). The total investment for the 22 projects will be around Rs 11,000 crore. Gail and
            the JV partner will hold a 22.5% stake each with the state government being offered
            another 5%. Gail has decided on a cap of 50% for the promoters, the balance to be
            distributed between institutional and retail investors.  
            Source: The Financial Express, New Delhi, 4/10/2004 
            Delhi: LPG-run school vans putting children at risk: The lives of thousands of
            school children are at risk. According to a Delhi Police estimate, 90 per cent of school
            vans operating in the Capital are running illegally on domestic LPG cylinders. Apart from
            the danger this poses, the rampant use of LPG in school vans has also created a LPG supply
            crisis. According to a Supreme Court direction, the use of LPG cylinders in school vans is
            illegal. Despite this, LPG is used in vans, throwing all caution to the wind. According to
            sources, school vans are using domestic LPG cylinders on a large scale only due to the
            lacklustre approach of the Transport Department.  
            Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 3/11/2004 
            ^Top 
            
            Bio-fuels must be given tax sops:
            Pointing out the need to have bio-fuel alternatives for fossil fuels, the Planning
            Commission Deputy Chairman, Dr Montek Singh Ahluwalia, on Thursday favoured giving tax
            incentives to make bio-fuels economically feasible. "If bio-fuels have the same tax
            as petrol and diesel, they will not be economically viable," he said while speaking
            at an international conference on bio-fuels organised by non-profit organisation Winrock
            International Ltd. "As is evident from the experience of some countries, bio-fuels
            have enough external benefits such as generating employment and income in the rural areas
            and emitting less green house gases, among others, all of which make it worthwhile for the
            Government to encourage bio-fuels by providing tax benefits," he added.  
            Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 17/9/2004 
            Gujarat move on jatropha: The Gujarat Government is planning to introduce
            captive and corporate farming for the cultivation of jatropha plants on wastelands in the
            state, the Minister for Industries and Mines, Mr Anil Patel, has said. Mr Patel was in
            Ahmedabad city to participate in a conference on Bio-Diesel, organised by the
            Centre for Bharatiya Marketing Development (CBMD), a unit of the Swadeshi Jagaran
            Foundation.  
            Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 29/10/2004 
            Call to perfect know-how for bio-diesel production: The President, A.P.J. Abdul
            Kalam, today called for special efforts to scale up the technology recently developed by
            Daimler-Benz in collaboration with CSIR laboratories for the production of bio-diesel
            using the seeds of jatropha plants. Pointing out that the scientists have been successful
            in operating a Benz car from Pune to Delhi using a 10 per cent blend of the bio-diesel
            without any modification to the engine, he said it was time steps were taken to set up a
            fully integrated plant that would produce the bio-diesel on a commercial scale.
            Inaugurating a conference organised under the aegis of UN-ESCAPs Technical
            Consultancy Development Programme for Asia and Pacific (TCDPAP), he said technical
            consultants should come out with proposals that would help in setting up such plants.
            Several foreign consultants have evinced interest in taking up jatropha plantation and
            commissioning of plants in different areas of the country. Before they establish such
            plants, the consultants` community in Asia and the Pacific region should come together and
            enable establishment of model plants with the inputs of jatropha coming from atleast 1,000
            hectares in different States.  
            Source: The Hindu, New Delhi, 13/10/2004 
            Railways signal drive to promote use of bio-diesel: The Indian railways has
            seriously taken the governments call to chip in the countrys efforts to
            produce bio-fuel. It has started a drive to produce bio-diesel for its captive
            consumption. The Kharagpur division of the southern railways in this regard has taken the
            lead. As it is proved that jatropha oil is a perfect blend for diesel, the division has
            drawn up a plan to gradually increase the ratio of jatropha oil in its blend with diesel.  
            Source: The Economic Times, New Delhi, 15/9/2004 
            IOC gives government a bio-breather: Indian Oil Corporation (IOC) has made a
            detailed recommendation to the government to the government on pricing and use of
            biodiesel, after successful test-runs to prove its suitability as an alternative fuel. IOC
            proposal comes at a time when soaring global crude prices have triggered off an
            inflationary trend in the economy. The cost of Jatropha fuel works out to Rs 17/L where as
            diesel is currently prices at Rs 26.50/L in Kolkata. While IOC has been conducting pilot
            projects using biodiesel developed at its own R&D division, this perhaps the first
            time that the cost economies of its use has been worked out.  
            Source: The Economic Times, New Delhi, 8/9/2004 
            Andhra Pradesh: CM for biodiesel revolution after green revolution: After green
            revolution, it is bio-diesel revolution that Chief Minister Y S Rajasekhar Reddy dreams of
            to bring in the State in the coming three years. To make it come true, he proposes to
            encourage paddy farmers to shift to sugarcane or Jatropha crops.  
            Source: Deccan Chronicle, Hyderabad, 8/9/2004 
            SISI offers training in bio-diesel production: In an effort to offer
            entrepreneurs innovative employment options, the government run Small Industries Services
            Institute (ISIS), chennai is offering training in bio-diesel production. The SISI training
            programme will give entrepreneurs training on how to manufacture biodiesel from the
            jatropha plant. The two-day training programme will be held in Chennai on October 4 and 5.
             
            Source: The New Indian Express, Chennai, 8/9/2004 
            Karnataka: Govt to boost cultivation of jatropha: The Karnataka State Government
            is taking steps to promote cultivation of jatropha and honge, used in the production of
            eco-friendly bio-fuels, among farmers in the wasteland areas of the State, Agriculture
            Minister K M Srinivasa Gowda said in Bangalore. Speaking to reporters, he said the
            bio-fuel derived from the seeds of these plants can be blended to an extent of 20 per cent
            in diesel and trial tests have already been done in KSRTC buses. Mr Gowda said a farmer
            would require about 2,500 seedlings per acre, which would cost him Rs 6 to 7 per seedling.
            He said the State would seek subsidy from the Centre for the seedlings bought by the
            farmer. A farmer could earn annually about Rs 50,000 per acre, he added.  
            Source: Deccan Herald, Bangalore, 10/9/2004 
            Diesel engines on vegetarian diet: Diesel engines, unlike their petrol
            counterparts, are omnivorous in fuel consumption habits and can easily run on vegetable
            oils without any major changes in the engine. In the early 1950s, the Indian Institute of
            Science, Bangalore, did exhaustive work using oils from seeds of different plants and
            trees grown in the tropical regions. Using raw oils in diesel engines led to such problems
            as the sticking of fuel injectors and piston rings due to coking, and the thickening of
            lubricating oils, resulting in clogging of filters, but these were overcome in a large
            measure by pre-conditioning of the fuel by a chemical process using methanol or ethanol
            called "transesterification". This transformed oil, with diesel-like properties,
            is called bio-diesel. Jatropha oil is a biodiesel derived from the seeds of the plant
            jatropha - a sturdy plant requiring very little water.  
            Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 10/9/2004 
            Bio-fuel board formed: The Uttaranchal Forest Minister, Navprabhat, today
            announced that the State Government has formed the Uttaranchal Bio-fuel Board. "We
            have already done Jhatropa plantation in over 1 lakh hectares covering almost all the
            districts of the hill state to produce bio-fuel. This would give economic benefits to
            villagers as well as to poor families," said the Minister, who is in the Capital to
            take part in a national seminar on bio-fuel. The Uttaranchal Chief Secretary, R.S. Tolia,
            said cooperation of self-help groups, village panchayats and women organisations was also
            being taken to make this project successful.  
            Source: The Hindu, New Delhi, 17/9/2004 
            Biofuels can fuel India's carbon trading potential: India can tap the
            $52-billion global market for carbon trading by encouraging production and use of biofuels
            and plantation of trees having oil-bearing seeds and materials, like Jatropha and Pongamia
            species. Other plantations having oil-bearing seeds or materials are Sal, Mahua, Kokum,
            Pilu, Phulwara, Dhupa, Neem, Mango, Kusum, Karanja, Ratanjyot, Jatropa, Tumba, Jojoba,
            Simarouba. Biofuels, apart from enhancing energy security, ensuring employment and
            development and mitigation environmental pollution, can be instrumental in carbon trading
            if certain criteria of the clean development mechanism (CMD) of the Kyoto Protocol of the
            United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) are fulfilled, said
            experts.  
            Source: The Financial Express, New Delhi, 20/9/2004 
            Centre pushing for bio-fuel: As part of the effort to reduce petroleum imports,
            and introduce ecological measures, the Prime Ministers Office is holding a high
            level meeting on bio-fuel on Friday.  
            Source: The Statesman, New Delhi, 23/9/2004 
            Biodiesel from nahar seeds has immense scope in NE: The NE region may once again
            emerge as the fuel supplier of the country. Humanity has for the past few decades been
            searching for alternative fuel to meet the challenge thrown by the rapid exhaustion of the
            hydrocarbon reserves. Against this backdrop, prudent steps by the region's people may make
            them the enviable world leaders in matters of biodiesel in the days to come. A research in
            the State's Tezpur University has led to the conviction that the oil of the nahar tree
            (Mesua ferrea L) seeds has a bright prospect in this field. Nahar is known in lower part
            of the State and also in Hindi as Nageswar. A scientists' team under Prof Dolon Konwer of
            the University's Energy Department is working for production of bio-diesel from nahar
            seeds. The Union Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources sponsors the project.  
            Source: The Assam Tribune, Guwahati, 24/9/2004 
            Hydrogen/Electric/alternate technologies 
            Hydrogen blended CNG to power Delhi vehicles: Delhi roads will see hydrogen run vehicles
            from next year. To begin with, the government will run about a dozen commercial vehicles
            in which hydrogen would be blended with CNG in a 1:9 ratio.This would be the first project
            on hydrogen blending in the country and the cost of installing hydrogen CNG fuel stations
            and production of hydrogen would be roughly Rs 20 crores.  
            Source: The Statesman, New Delhi, 27/10/2004 
            From Bangalore to Chennai on solar-powered car: When Syed Sajjad Ahmed drove into
            the Marina Beach on Friday on his electro-solar car, it was an amusing sight for other
            autorickshaw drivers and onlookers.The vehicle moved without any noise; it looked more
            like a horse carriage, only without the horses. It certainly was nothing like they have
            seen before. In the words of Mr. Ahmed, a second hand computer peripherals vendor from
            Bangalore, the vehicle was technically the future: A solar-powered car powered by
            photovoltaic cells. It weighs a little over 300 kg and can reach a maximum speed of around
            50 km. Six hours of charging the photovoltaic cells could run the car for 120 km. If the
            photovoltaic cells fail, the battery can still be charged from a power line.  
            Source: The Hindu, Chennai, 10/10/2004 
            Hydrogen Energy Board to discuss panel proposals: The National Hydrogen Energy
            Board (NHEB), which is meeting in New Delhi under the chairmanship of the Minister for
            Non-Conventional Energy Sources, Mr Vilas Muttemwar, is to take up the recommendations of
            the Group on Hydrogen Energy for consideration and approval. The Group on Hydrogen Energy,
            set up by the Government last year, has recommended, among other things, the setting up of
            demonstration projects on hydrogen production, storage and distribution and its
            applications in decentralised power generation and automobiles. Several fiscal and
            financial measures, including the provision of Rs 250 crore in the next three years, have
            been recommended by the group.  
            Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 15/9/2004 
            Government to allocate Rs 250 crore for hydrogen energy projects: The Government
            has decided to allocate Rs 250 crore for projects taken up under the hydrogen energy
            programme over the next three years. The projects include Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOC)
            plan to make available hydrogen-blended CNG fuel in Delhi, Mathura and Faridabad by June
            2005. The Planning Commission has also recommended an additional corpus fund of Rs 200
            crore. This was decided in the second meeting of the National Hydrogen Energy Board
            (NHEB), which was set up by the Government. "By June 2005, some gas stations in New
            Delhi, Faridabad and Mathura will start blending ten per cent hydrogen with CNG. This will
            reduce the pollution levels caused by the fumes generated from the vehicles," said Dr
            S.K. Chopra, Senior Advisor in the Ministry of Non-Conventional Energy Sources. IOC has
            sought Rs 25 crore for the project.  
            Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 16/9/2004 
            Hydrogen energy projects cleared: The National Hydrogen Energy Board today
            cleared projects on production, storage, delivery and application of Hydrogen that will be
            undertaken in the first phase of Hydrogen Energy Programme in the next three years for
            which Rs 450 crore fund has been mooted.  
            Source: The Hindu, New Delhi, 16/9/2004 
            ^Top 
            
              
                
                
                  
                     
                    Chandigarh: Vehicles weigh heavy on this city: The
                    youngest city in India Chandigarh has the highest vehicular density in the country. The
                    capital Delhi comes second after. Chandigarh as far as vehicular density is concerned.
                    With a population of around one million countrys youngest city has already become an
                    urban concrete jungle. And the city now boasts of the highest density of vehicles in the
                    country. 
                    Source: The Statesman, New Delhi, 23/10/2004 
                    Vehicular pollution high in MP: The pollution caused by the vehicles is rapidly
                    increasing in cities like Indore, Ujjain, Gwalior and Bhopal etc. This is posing serious
                    health problems to local citizens and also causing harm to environment. However in order
                    to control pollution, the MP pulltion Control Board and transportation department is
                    organizing vehicle checking camps every now and then but solution of problem is still far
                    away.  
                    Source: Central Chronicle, Bhopal, 19/10/2004 
                    Government plans car fitness certificates: You may soon be required to carry yet
                    another document while driving on Delhi roads. The government wants private vehicles to
                    carry mandatory fitness certificates. If all goes according to plan, the system may be in
                    place in the Capital within two years. In August, the Ministry of Road Transport and
                    Highways (MRTH) had circulated a document among state governments, seeking suggestions on
                    fitness certificates for private vehicles. "We want vehicles to be maintained as per
                    specifications of the Central Motor Vehicle Rules and for this a regulatory regime is
                    necessary," said a senior ministry official. "The certificate will be issued for
                    a fee fixed by the Central government."  
                    Source: The Hindustan Times, New Delhi, 16/10/2004 
                    Pollution test for CNG vehicles sought: Worried over reluctance of government
                    agencies and automobile manufacturers to carry forward the battle to clean Delhis
                    air, the Environment Pollution (Prevention and Control) Authority has sought mandatory
                    introduction of "lambda test" for checking "pollution" in eco-friendly
                    CNG vehicles. It has also sought data on how many CNG buses and other such vehicles have
                    reported burn-out of their catalytic converters in the recent past. It has asked the Delhi
                    Government to cancel the fitness certificates of all vehicles found indulging in visible
                    pollution due to poor maintenance. EPCA has sought a weekly report from the State
                    Transport Department about how many fitness certificates of such polluting vehicles had
                    been terminated and also wants the Government to widely publicise this drive against
                    pollution.However, it has been clarified that the CNG vehicle pollution was not on account
                    of the eco-friendly fuel but more so because of the poor maintenance of vehicles. "We
                    have approached the Supreme Court for making lambda test mandatory for CNG vehicles having
                    catalytic converters. The matter is likely to come up for hearing after four weeks during
                    which the respondent parties have been asked to put forward their views. This is a
                    worrying situation and something drastic needs to be done to stop Delhis air from
                    getting polluted by invisible pollutants," remarked the Centre for Science (CSE)
                    Director and EPCA member, Sunita Narain.  
                    Source: The Hindu, New Delhi, 14/10/2004 
                    Delhi: Govt gives PUCs a breather on new guidelines: The capital's 400
                    pollution-under-control (PUC) centres are dragging their feet on implementation of the new
                    vehicular pollution checking norms, threatening to push back efforts for cleaner air. The
                    norms released by the Ministry of Road Transport were to come into force on October 1. The
                    Delhi government has quietly put it off by a month and has issued letters to the PUC
                    centres. Bhure Lal, who heads the SC committee on environment pollution, dismisses the PUC
                    centres as worthless. ''They achieve little. Only a centralised automated checking system
                    where the tester and the vehicle owner don't meet can make it foolproof,'' he told
                    Newsline. However, Centre for Science and Environment additional director Anumita
                    Roychowdhury feels ''the PUCs have to be there'' in the absence of anything better. 
                    Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 12/10/2004 
                    Pollution norms made stricter: This winter, the smog may be lesser, hopefully.
                    From October 1, the system of checking vehicular pollution will become more stringent and
                    will monitor more emissions. At present only carbon monoxide (CO) level in a vehicle's
                    exhaust is checked for giving it pollution under control (PUC) certificate. Experts have
                    called for stricter checking with greater validity periods than the current three months
                    so that people dont get harassed and the vehicle does not pollute the environment.  
                    Source: The Hindustan Times, New Delhi, 24/9/2004 
                    Bhure Lal panel sets new deadlines for pollution plan: The Air Action Plan,
                    which was launched by the Gujarat Pollution Control Board (GPCB) on June 5, at the behest
                    of the Bhure Lal Committee appointed by the Supreme Court, came in the line of fire. The
                    committee, on a sudden visit to the state to monitor the progress of the plan, directed
                    GPCB to pull up its socks and recommended certain changes while setting fresh deadlines,
                    failing which the defaulting officials would face punitive action from the court.  
                    Source: The Times of India, Ahmedabad, 26/9/2004 
                    Vehicular Pollution: The use of clean fuel for public transport vehicles has
                    been receiving serious attention to make breathing air cleaner. Based on the
                    recommendations of Mashelkar Committee, the government has announced that the new vehicles
                    in the 11 major polluting cities in the country, including Delhi, will have to follow
                    Euro-III emission norms from 1 April 2005, and Euro-IV norms from 1 April 2010. Euro-II
                    norms are being followed in these cities at present. The other cities will have Euro-II
                    norms from 1 April 2005, and Euro-III norms from 1 April 2010. The policy on fuel quality
                    and emission norms is expected to reduce pollution. But it is reported that enforcement of
                    emission norms in Kolkata is a joke because there is hardly any means of pollution control
                    in terms of cleaner engine technology, cleaner fuel and better public transport. A study
                    conducted by the Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute shows that lung functioning of a
                    majority of its population is impaired due to polluted air.  
                    Source: The Statesman, New Delhi, 8/10/2004 
                    Renewed guidelines for vehicle emissions: The Central Government has notified
                    the renewed guidelines on maximum permissible limits of the noxious emissions from
                    vehicles, with effect from October 1. The maximum limit of Carbon Monoxide (CO) emitted
                    from two-wheeler and three-wheeler (both two- and four-stroke engines) manufactured before
                    March 31, 2000 is 4.5 per cent and the maximum Hydro Carbon (HC) emission limit is 9,000
                    Parts Per Million (ppm). For two-stroke vehicles manufactured after March 31, 2000 the
                    maximum limit of CO is 3.5 per cent, while HC permissible is up to 6,000 ppm. For
                    four-stroke two and three wheelers, the maximum limit of CO emission is 3.5 per cent and
                    HC is 4,500 ppm. 
                    Source: Deccan Herald, Bangalore, 1/10/2004 
                    Delhi fails to meet pollution control deadline: Putting a question mark over the
                    resolve to wage a battle against air and vehicular pollution, the Delhi Government and
                    other cities including Chennai, Mumbai and Kolkata have failed to meet the October 1
                    deadline for enforcing upgraded Pollution Under Control (PUC) norms. The norms were to
                    become effective all over the country but the State Governments have failed to act and put
                    in place a proper implementation plan putting a spoke in the wheel of the inspection
                    programme. Reacting to the callous approach of the various Governments including the Delhi
                    Government, the Centre for Science and Environment (CSE) Coordinator (Air Pollution),
                    Anumita Roychowdhury, said the most unfortunate part of the whole situation was that even
                    today there was no clear plan of action to contain this cascading delay and implement the
                    upgraded norms.  
                    Source: The Hindu, New Delhi, 2/10/2004 
                    New emission norms unlikely in next few months: It's a catch-22 situation for
                    Karnataka State Transport Department. Despite a Supreme Court order to enforce new
                    emission norms to reduce air pollution, it has failed to enforce the revised norms as
                    scheduled from October 1 for the simple reason that the testing equipment is obsolete.
                    With this, motorists are likely to get few more months time for the change. So far, only
                    carbon monoxide and sulphur dioxide emissions were being tested. Now, even emission levels
                    of hydrocarbons have to be measured. As per the Centre's directions, the revised norms,
                    which are more stringent then the existing ones, came into effect from October 1. After
                    that all vehicles, except brand new ones or those up to a year old, should comply with the
                    changes and get a fresh certificate.  
                    Source: The New Indian Express, Bangalore, 7/10/2004  | 
                   
                 
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                    | Transportation
                    and traffic | 
                   
                 
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            Delhi: High capacity buses get Government nod: In
            its effort to decongest traffic and make Delhi a world-class city, the Transport
            Department has approved a 130-km long dedicated corridor for high capacity buses (HCB).
            High capacity buses require dedicated corridors where no other vehicle can ply. "A
            total of 130 kilometres of dedicated corridor has been approved for the HCB," said
            Transport Commissioner Rajiv Talwar. In its pilot project, the corridor between Sainik
            Farms and Moolchand has been approved, which is likely to be further extended to the
            Inter-State Bus Terminal (ISBT) very soon. "We have so far ordered six buses from
            Tata. We plan to have more buses in the future," said Mr Talwar.  
            Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 6/11/2004 
            Delhi: To improve transport, Minister in Japan, Secy in Columbia: Transport
            Minister Haroon Yusuf is going to Nagoya in Japan to study the use of information
            technology for transport management. Transport Secretary Rajiv Talwar is already in
            Bogota, the Capital of the Latin American country Columbia to study the functioning of
            high-capacity buses. Speaking to The Pioneer, Mr Yusuf said that he is going to Nagoya to
            attend the 11th World Congress on Intelligent Transport System. He said, using information
            technology in transport will help to locate the exact positioning of the vehicles and also
            in disciplining the drivers.  
            Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 16/10/2004 
            Car sales hit the fast lane in Sept: Car sales jumped 20.8 per cent in September
            2004 ramming first half sales for the year beyond 24 per cent. Nearly 70,500 cars were
            sold this September, with 3.85 lakh units sold since April 2004, ensuring leading
            carmakers make good in their Q3 results. Around 3.2 lakh units were sold April-September
            2003 and around 56,700 in September last year, according to the Society of Indian
            Automobile Manufacturers. This boom is largely due to sales by Tata Motors, Maruti Udyog
            and arch-rival Hyundai Motors. Even though sales of Maruti Udyog's M800 slumped 28 per
            cent, its overall sales grew 24 per cent in September to 43,949 units, over 34,543 units
            last September.  
            Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 14/10/2004 
            Now, electric buses for Delhi: After high-capacity buses, it is now the turn of
            electric trolley buses to hit the city's roads. The Delhi government recently decided to
            introduce such a bus system on the Hari Nagar clock tower-Central Secretariat corridor.
            The transport department has been asked to prepare a proposal for financial sanction of
            the construction work from the finance department. The work will cost Rs 15-20 crore. The
            entire project cost is about Rs 80 crore.  
            Source: The Hindustan Times, New Delhi, 6/9/2004 
            Hub-and-spoke model for transport mooted: Delhi government's infrastructure
            consultant has proposed an ambitious plan for operating buses and maximising their
            potential by dividing Delhi into various zones. Infrastructure Leasing and Financial
            Services (IL&FS), during an hour-long presentation, put forth what it calls the unique
            'hub-and spoke' model. In this, the city will be divided into four zones and will be
            controlled by four big transport operators. The hubs will be the main terminals in the
            zones and the smaller destinations within the zones will be called spokes. IL&FS
            proposes 4 zones controlled by 4 big transporters, connected to smaller destinations
            within zones.  
            Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 17/9/2004 
            Sky Bus promises cheap, safe public transport: A day after successfully testing
            the Sky Bus technology on a 1.1 kilometre test track at Madgaon in Goa, its inventor and
            Managing Director of Konkan Railway Corporation, B. Rajaram, today said the technology
            will be licensed out through a global tender for a royalty and Pricewaterhouse Cooper will
            manage the bidding process. This, he said, will ensure rapid use of the technology for
            development of a cheap, reliable and safe public transport in various cities across the
            country and abroad.  
            Source: The Hindu, New Delhi, 17/9/2004 
             
            Wheel comes full circle: Cycle tracks in Masterplan: Cyclists and
            pedestrians are being given special attention by the Delhi Development Authority in its
            Masterplan 2021. DDA officials revealed this in a recent presentation made before
            Secretary, Union Urban Development Ministry, Anil Baijal. The officials said a dedicated
            infrastructure is required to be evolved to encourage this environment-friendly mode of
            transport and DDA has come up with a number of modules.  
            Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 26/9/2004 
            GoM okays Metro stretches, sets 2006 as deadline: The Group of Ministers (GoM)
            today approved the construction of the Metro stretches from Barakhamba Road to
            Indraprastha and Dwarka to Dwarka sub-city. The deadline for both stretches was pegged at
            March 2006. The GoM deferred the stretch from Rithala to Barwala in lieu of which the
            Barakhamba Road and Indraprastha stretch will be constructed. The Barakhamba and Dwarka
            stretches were initially proposed for Phase-I (by 2005) but were awaiting approval. The
            deadline has now passed to Phase-II (2005-2010).  
            Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 1/10/2004 
            Case for synthesised transport: Ahead of the Commonwealth Games in 2010, the
            Delhi Government is mulling a proposal to revive the transport and traffic management
            system in the Capital. The proposal aims to establish better coordination between all
            agencies concerned. According to the proposal, a Delhi Unified Metropolitan Transport
            Authority (DUMTA) will be set up on the pattern of the one in London. The proposal states:
            "The authority shall prepare an action plan to achieve a sustainable balance between
            public transport system and multi-modal transport. The proposal will take the help of
            Indian Railways, Delhi Metro Rail Transport Corporation, Delhi Transport Corporation,
            Transport Department, Public Works Department (PWD), Municipal Corporation of Delhi,
            Traffic Police, Airport Authority of India (AAI), and private operators.  
            Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 3/10/2004 
            A ride in the sky: After years of stumbling and scepticism, Rajarams
            Skybus made its first successful public test run in Goa recently. Though its inventor and
            engineers were elated, it is still not clear whether they will reap a reward for this mass
            transit heresy. The skybus is essentially a fusion of a bus and a train. Its carriage
            looks like a bus, but it runs like a train, and instead of the compartments running on
            rails, they hang below the rails and slide 10 metres above the regular road traffic.  
            Source: Business World, New Delhi, 4/10/2004 
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                    | National
                    and local initiatives | 
                   
                 
                 | 
               
              
                 
                New emission norms for cars: Paving the way for further air clean-up in 11 metros
                including Bangalore, the Centre on Wednesday has notified more stringent Bharat stage-III
                emission norms for passenger cars which would come into effect from April 2005.
                Notification of the new norms would enable car manufacturers to get their vehicles
                certified and distributed to the market so that they would be available for the customers
                next year. Besides Bangalore, the new emission standard would be applicable for vehicles
                in Delhi including the national capital region, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad,
                Ahmedabad, Pune, Surat, Kanpur and Agra while the new vehicles sold in the rest of the
                country would shift to BS-II norms. Almost 40 per cent of total cars in India are sold in
                these 11 cities.  
                Source: Deccan Herald, Bangalore, 21/10/2004 
                2 stations to monitor air quality: The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB),
                New Delhi, has sanctioned setting up of two ambient air quality monitoring stations at
                Baddi and Kala Amb. Aimed at monitoring the ambient quality of air pollutants like sulphur
                dioxide, nitrous oxide and other suspended particulate matter in these industrial areas,
                Rs 25 lakh has been provided for the purpose. Officials in the board said the proposal,
                which was mooted by the board about two months back, had been readily accepted by the
                CPCB. This would ensure a regular monitoring of the air quality in these areas, which had
                registered a rapid industrial growth in the past two years. While sulphur dioxide posed no
                immediate threat to the environment in the region, the fast increasing vehicles had
                created a rather high level of nitrous oxide in the air.  
                Source: The Tribune, New Delhi, 16/10/2004 
                Delhi: Ordinance on ad valorem vehicle tax likely: The Delhi government's budget
                proposal on imposing the ad valorem method of taxing new vehicles is expected to come
                through by next month, but the eight per cent tax on vital surgical equipment is not
                likely to be imposed. And, luxury taxes on declared room tariffs - tax is now being levied
                on actual tariffs - is expected to be in place by mid-September. ''The government is
                preparing an ordinance on the ad valorem method of taxation, so that it can be implemented
                before the winter session of the Assembly,'' a Delhi government source said. The Transport
                Minister had introduced the Bill on ad valorem taxation on the last day of the budget
                session of the Assembly and it was slated to be passed in November.  
                Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 3/9/2004 
                UP goes green, 11 CNG units to come up in Noida: In a significant step, it has
                been announced that two compressed natural gas (CNG) outlets will begin operating in
                Noida, about the end of this year, as part of a larger and phased plan to bring CNG to
                Noida, Ghaziabad, Bulandshahr and Meerut. It has been planned to bring a total of 11 CNG
                outlets to Noida, Greater Noida and Ghaziabad each. In the next step, CNG will be supplied
                in Meerut and liquefied natural gas (LNG) will be supplied to Khurja potters. Indraprastha
                Gas Limited will present a road map and schedule for this, at a follow-up meeting on
                September 27.  
                Source: The Times of India, New Delhi, 3/9/2004 
                Kolkata: 8,000 vehicles face pushout: About 8,000 vehicles plying in the
                Calcutta Metropolitan Area (CMA) will have to be phased out by the end of December. A
                survey by the transport department shows contrary to claims by transport unions, only that
                many vehicles fall in the pre 1975 category.  
                Source: The Telegraph, Calcutta, 6/9/2004 
                TNPCB project to gauge air quality: In an effort to generate data to aid policy
                formulation, the Tamil Nadu Pollution Control Board (TNPCB) has launched a composite
                project to quantitatively map the level of air pollution in the city and ascertain its
                sources.  
                Source: The New Indian Express, Chennai, 14/9/2004 
                Agra mulls clean-up act for Taj, Delhi style: Inspired by Delhi, Agra is likely
                to soon switch to compressed natural gas (CNG) as the preferred clean fuel for its
                vehicles. The world-famous Taj is said to be turning yellow with pollution, notably from
                vehicles. Though the Supreme Court had shut polluting industries near the Taj, vehicles
                still ply on unclean fuel in Agra. Confirming the move, Agra division commissioner Ashok
                Kumar said: "We plan to introduce CNG in Agra and the matter has been taken up with
                Gas Authority of India Ltd (GAIL)." Centre for Science and Environment director
                Sunita Narain, who fought for Delhis CNG conversion, said the UP government must
                ensure that adequate demand for CNG in the city of Taj. "The change in Delhi was very
                tough. Strict steps must be taken if the government is serious about it."  
                Source: The Hindustan Times, New Delhi, 16/9/2004 
                Government clears additional 2% tax on diesel vehicles: To discourage the use of
                diesel vehicles, the Delhi Cabinet approved a new tax regime for private non-commercial
                vehicles. Under the new tax regime, cars will be charged road tax on the basis of their
                prices or ad valorem. Vehicles will hence become more expensive with the Delhi
                Governments decision to impose a two per cent road tax on the value of vehicles
                costing upto Rs four lakh and four per cent on those above Rs four lakh. An additional two
                per cent tax will be imposed on diesel vehicles.  
                Source: The Pioneer, New Delhi, 5/10/2004 
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                47 lakh vehicles in 2010: Court asks govt where to
                park them: The Delhi government may finally wake up to the acute parking problem in
                the city. The Supreme Court has asked it to submit a time-bound plan to deal with the
                situation by mid-November. The court wants the government to study two reports prepared by
                the Environment Pollution (Prevention and Control) Authority (EPCA).  
                Source: The Hindustan Times, New Delhi, 25/10/2004 
                Parking plan, automated PUC: SC seeks government reply: The Supreme Court asked
                the Delhi government to respond on its preparedness over implementing a parking policy and
                laying of three fully automated six-lane centralised pollution checking centres, one of
                them in Burari by 2005-end. During a hearing of the recommendations of the Bhure Lal
                Committee on environment pollution (Environment Pollution Prevention and Control
                Authority), the Court sought a reply from the government within four weeks.  
                Source: The Indian Express, New Delhi, 9/10/2004 
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            Cong-NCP hand in glove with oil adulterers: Opposition:
            In a sensational allegation, the leader of the opposition Nitin Gadkari accused the
            Congress-NCP government of being hand in globe with a lobby of petrol and diesel
            adulterators. "There's ample proof that the top bosses of the Shinde government have
            interests in the petrol adulteration rackets in the Maharashtra," said Mr Gadkari.
            The CBI has, so far, registered three cases relating to adulteration of petrol and diesel,
            after it conducted search operations at 11 places with the help of officials of four oil
            companies across the state.  
            Source: The Economic Times, New Delhi, 8/9/2004 
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            Lanka to ban 2-stroke vehicles import: Sri Lanka
            is set to ban the import of the highly polluting two-stroke engine vehicles in a move that
            could affect Indian motorcycle and rickshaw manufacturers, officals said. The two-stroke
            engines spew out unburned gasoline and causes serious environmental pollution and the
            Transport Ministry has prepared a Cabinet paper on slapping the ban, the Transport
            Secretary, Mr Don S Jayaweera, said.  
            Source: Business Line, New Delhi, 25/10/2004 
            Fitness certificate of vehicles emitting black smoke to be cancelled: The
            Bangladesh government decided to cancel the fitness certificate of all vehicles emitting
            black smoke in the capital as also across the country in the interest of environment
            conservation. A high-level meeting took the decision. It also decided that electronic
            traffic signal systems would be introduced at 59 important rod-intersections in the city
            by December "for smooth vehicular movement and eradicating traffic jam".  
            Source: The Bangladesh Observer, Dhaka, 6/10/2004 
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